Hard Problems
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The most dangerous failures are those that appear rational at the time.

Barry TurnerMan-Made Disasters, 1978

The dangerous part of a failure is rarely the broken component. It is the story that made the choice feel clean: the shortcut was temporary, the coupling was low risk, the rollback was easy. You can always produce a reasonable paragraph for a risky decision.

In real systems, the rational story is what lets small exceptions accumulate until they become a new operating mode. Six months later, the postmortem reads like inevitability, but on the day it shipped, each step looked responsible. Drift is rarely dramatic; it is a series of tiny permissions.

Turner is a reminder to audit the argument, not just the plan. Write the future critique while the decision is still reversible: how this fails, what justification you will be tempted to use, and which guardrail keeps the failure from being rationalized into existence. If you cannot name the guardrail, you do not have it.

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